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Africa 2010

African Union

	Country	Population	GDP billion	Per Capita	ODA 2008	Con.
55	Africa	991,760,344	2,835.2	$2,858	-38,806	2000
48	Sub-Saharan Africa	828,432,427	1,797.6	$2,171	-35,702
6	North Africa	161,234,578	1,037.5	$6,444	-2,191	1989
9	Central Africa	121,585,754	258.9	$2,122	-3,821
1	Angola	12,799,293	114.4	$8,900	-369	1975
2	Cameroon	18,879,301	42.76	$2,300	-525	1960
3	Central-African Republic	4,511,488	3.327	$700	-256	1960
4	Chad	10,329,208	16.26	$1,600	-416	1960
5	Congo-Democratic Republic of the	68,692,542	21.33	$300	-1,610	1960
6	Congo-Republic of	4,012,809	16.41	$4,100	-505	1960
7	Equatorial Guinea	633,441	23.2	$36,600	-38	1968
8	Gabon	1,514,993	20.99	$13,900	-55	1960
9	Sao Tome e Principe	212,679	0.292	$1,700	-47	1975
16	West Africa	292,267,824	543.6	$1,862	-10,488
10	Benin	8,791,832	13.25	$1,500	-641	1960
11	Burkina Faso	15,746,232	18.79	$1,200	-998	1960
12	Cape Verde	429,474	1.7	$3,400	-219	1975
13	Cote d’Ivoire	20,617,068	35.82	$1,700	-617	1960
14	Gambia, The	1,778,081	2.471	$1,400	-94	1965
15	Ghana	23,887,812	36.57	$1,500	-1,293	1957
16	Guinea	10,057,975	10.48	$1,000	-319	1958
17	Guinea-Bissau	1,533,964	0.933	$600	-132	1973
18	Liberia	3,441,790	1.627	$500	-1,250	1847
19	Mali	13,443,225	15.52	$1,200	-964	1960
20	Mauritania	3,129,486	6.568	$2,100	-311	1960
21	Niger	15,306,252	10.45	$700	-605	1960
22	Nigeria	149,229,090	357.2	$2,400	-1,290	1960
23	Senegal	13,711,597	22.38	$1,600	-1,058	1960
24	Sierra Leone	5,132,138	4.622	$900	-367	1961
25	Togo	6,031,808	5.202	$900	-330	1990
19	East Africa	360,069,430	453.635	$1,260	-19,268
26	Burundi	9,511,330	3.247	$300	-509	1962
27	Comoros	752,438	0.761	$1,000	-37	1975
28	Djibouti	724,622	2.011	$2,800	-121	1977
29	Eritrea	5,647,168	4.198	$700	-143	1993
30	Ethiopia	85,237,338	76.74	$900	-3,327	0 BC
31	Kenya	39,002,772	63.73	$1,600	-1,360	1963
32	Lesotho	2,130,819	3.273	$1,700	-143	1966
33	Madagascar	20,653,556	20.5	$1,000	-841	1960
34	Malawi	15,028,757	12.81	$900	-913	1964
35	Mauritius	1,284,264	15.9	$12,400	-110	1968
36	Mayotte	231,139				France
37	Mozambique	21,669,278	20.17	$900	-1,994	1975
38	Rwanda	10,746,311	10.13	$900	-931	1962
39	Seychelles	87,476	1.682	$19,400	-12	1976
40	Somalia	9,832,017	5.731	$600	-758	1960
41	Sudan	41,087,825	92.81	$2,300	-2,384	1956
42	Tanzania	41,048,532	57.89	$1,400	-2,331	1964
43	Uganda	32,369,558	43.22	$1,300	-1,657	1962
44	Zambia	11,862,740	18.5	$1,500	-1,086	1964
45	Zimbabwe	11,392,629	0.332	$100	-611	1980
4	Southern Africa	54,489,216	540.562	$9,919	-2,115
46	Botswana	1,990,876	26	$13,100	-716	1966
47	Namibia	2,108,665	13.58	$6,400	-207	1990
48	South Africa	49,052,489	495.1	$10,100	-1,125	1910
49	Swaziland	1,337,186	5.882	$4,400	-67	1968
6	North Africa	161,234,578	1,037.5	$6,444	-2,191	1989
50	Algeria	34,178,188	239.6	$7,000	-316	1962
51	Egypt	78,866,635	471.2	$6,000	-1,348	1922
52	Libya	6,324,357	95.88	$15,200	-60	1951
53	Morocco	31,285,174	146.7	$4,600	-1,217	1956
54	Tunisia	10,175,014	83.21	$8,000	-479	1956
55	Western Sahara	405,210	0.9	$2,500		1999

Vital Statistics

Country	Population 2005	Growth		Births per 000	Deaths per 000		Migr ation per 000	Infant Mort ality per 000		Life Expec tancy	AIDS rate	Living with AIDS 000	AIDS Deaths 000	Literacy	Penal Pop.	Penal Pop. per 00,000
Africa	990,189,266														890,592	90
Angola	12,799,293	2.095%	43.69			24.08	1.34		180.21	38.2	2.1%	190	11	67.4%	8,300	52
Benin	8,791,832	2.977%	39.22			9.45	0		64.64	59	1.2%	64	5.8	34.7%	6,083	66
Botswana	1,990,876	1.937%	22.89			8.52	5		12.59	61.85	23.9%	300	11	81.2%	5,216	267
Burkina Faso	15,746,232	3.103%	44.33			13.3			84.49	52.92	1.6%	130	9.2	21.8%	5,082	32
Burundi	9,511,330	3.688%	41.76			10.14	5.26		64.86	57.8	2%	110	11	59.3%	10,858	126
Cameroon	18,879,301	2.19%	34.1			12.2	0		63.34	53.69	5.1%	540	39	67.9%	22,181	114
Cape Verde	429,474	0.561%	23.5			6.22	-11.67		41.35	71.61	0.04%	0.775	0.225	76.6%	755	178
Central-African Republic	4,511,488	1.491%	32.75			17.84			80.62	44.47	6.3%	160	1	68.6%	2,145	49
Chad	10,329,208	2.069%	40.86			16.09	-4.08		98.69	47.7	3.5%	200	14	25.7%	3,416	35
Comoros	752,438	2.766%	35.23			7.57	0		66.57	63.47	0.1%	0	0	56.5%	200	30
Congo,Democratic Republic of the	68,692,542	3.208%	42.63			11.63	1.07		81.21	54.36	4.2%	1,100	100	67.2%	30,000	57
Congo, Republic of	4,012,809	2.754%	41.37			12.01	-1.82		79.78	54.14	3.5%	79	6.4	83.8%	0	22
Cote d’Ivoire	20,617,068	2.133%	32.11			10.78			68.06	55.45	3.9%	480	38	48.7%	11,143	56
Djibouti	724,622	2.164%	26.34			8.53			58.33	60.32	3.1%	16	1.1	67.9%	525	61
Equatorial Guinea	633,441	2.703%	36.52			9.49			81.58	61.61	3.4%	11	0.370	87%	0
Eritrea	5,647,168	2.577%	34.2			8.43			43.33	61.78	1.3%	38	2.6	58.6%	0
Ethiopia	85,237,338	3.208%	43.66			11.55	-0.02		80.8	55.41	2.1%	980	67	42.7%	80,487	98
Gabon	1,514,993	1.934%	35.57			12.76	-3.48		51.78	53.11	5.9%	49	2.3	63.2%	2,750	196
Gambia, The	1,778,081	2.589%	37.8			12.21	0.3		68.84	53.81	0.9%	8.2	0.6	40.1%	450	32
Ghana	23,887,812	1.897%	28.74			9.13	-0.64		51.18	60.1	1.9%	260	21	57.9%	13,377	56
Guinea	10,057,975	2.572%	37.52			11	-0.8		65.22	57.09	1.6%	87	4.5	29.5%	0
Guinea-Bissau	1,533,964	2.019%	35.97			15.79	0		99.82	47.9	1.8%	16	1.1	42.4%	0
Kenya	39,002,772	2.691%	36.64			9.72	0		54.7	57.86	6.7%	1,200	150	85.1%	46,662	117
Lesotho	2,130,819	0.116%	24.14			22.2	-0.78		77.4	40.38	23.2%	270	18	84.8%	2,701	144
Liberia	3,441,790	2.665%	42.25			20.73	5.13		138.24	41.84	1.7%	35	2.3	57.5%	1,600	40
Madagascar	20,653,556	3%	38.14			8.14	0		54.2	62.89	0.1%	14	1	68.9%	17,703	90
Malawi	15,028,757	2.746%	41.68			14.23	0		86.01	50.03	11.9%	930	68	62.7%	11,996	78
Mali	13,443,225	2.594%	46.44			14.96	-5.54		115.86	51.78	1.5%	100	5.8	46.4%	6,700	52
Mauritania	3,129,486	2.399%	34.11			9.16	-0.96		63.42	60.37	0.8%	14	0.5	51.2%	815	26
Mauritius	1,284,264	0.776%	14.41			6.59	-0.06		12.2	74	1.7%	13	0.1	84.4%	2,163	166
Mayotte	231,139	3.171%	38.76			7.05	0		54.75	63.28		0	0	86%	179	85
Mozambique	21,669,278	1.791%	37.98			20.07			105.8	41.18	12.5%	1,500	81	47.8%	15,000	73
Namibia	2,108,665	0.95%	22.51			13.3	0.3		45.51	51.24	15.3%	200	5.1	85%	4,064	194
Niger	15,306,252	3.677%	51.6			14.83	0		116.66	52.6	0.8%	60	4	28.7%	5,709	46
Nigeria	149,229,090	1.999%	36.65			16.56	-0.1		94.35	46.94	3.1%	2,600	170	68%	4,600	29
Rwanda	10,746,311	2.866%	38.06			10.57	1.17		67.18	56.77	2.9%	150	7.8	70.4%	59,311	593
SaoTomeePrincipe	212,679	3.093%	38.54			5.8	-1.81		37.12	68.32		0	0	84.9%	160	83
Senegal	13,711,597	2.709%	36.84			9.75	0		58.95	59	1%	67	1	39.3%	6,425	53
Seychelles	87,476	0.999%	15.87			6.93	1.05		12.3	73.02		0	0	91.8%	305	371
Sierra Leone	5,132,138	2.179%	39.08			12.22	-5.08		81.86	55.25	1.7%	55	3.3	35.1%	2,328	41
Somalia	9,832,017	2.815%	43.7			15.55	0		109.19	49.63	0.5%	24	1.6	37.8%	0
South Africa	49,052,489	0.281%	19.93			16.22	-0.13		44.42	48.98	18.1%	5,700	350	86.4%	164,526	331
Sudan	41,087,825	2.143%	33.74			12.94	0.63		82.43	51.42	1.4%	320	25	61.1%	19,144	45
Swaziland	1,337,186	1.307%	28.09			15.03			69.74	47.85	26.1%	190	10	81.6%	2,628	219
Tanzania	41,048,532	2.04%	34.29			12.59	-1.3		69.28	52.01	6.2%	1,400	96	69.4%	40,111	92
Togo	6,031,808	2.754%	36.49			8.95	0		59.66	59.66	3.3%	130	9.1	60.9%	3,200	65
Uganda	32,369,558	2.692%	47.84			12.09	-8.83		64.82	52.72	5.4%	940	77	66.8%	29,826	91
Zambia	11,862,740	1.631%	40.24			21.34	-2.59		101.2	38.63	15.2%	1,100	56	80.6%	15,544	120
Zimbabwe	11,392,629	1.53%	31.49			16.19			32.31	45.77	15.3%	1,300	140	90.7%	13,361	107
Subsaharan	828,643,363											23,131	1630		679,729	82
Algeria	34,178,188	1.196%	16.9			4.64	-0.29		27.73	74.02	0.1%			69.9%	54,000	158
Egypt	78,866,635	2.033%	25.43			4.88	-0.21		27.26	72.12	<0.1%			71.4%	64,378	89
Libya	6,324,357	2.172%	25.13			3.41			21.7	77.29	0.3%			82.6%	12,905	200
Morocco	31,285,174	1.099%	19.72			4.74	-3.99		29.75	75.47	0.1%			52.3%	53,580	167
Tunisia	10,486,339	0.98%	15.42			5.2	-0.41		22.52	75.78	<0.1%			74.3%	26,000	263
Western Sahara	405,210	2.829%	39.54			11.49			69.66	54.32					0
North Africa	161,545,903														210,863	131

Sources: CIA World Fact Book July 2009; World Prison Brief 18 March 2010

Economics

Country	Population	GDP PPP billions	GDP Ex. Rate Billions	Economic Growth	Per capita Income	Labor 000	Unem       ploy ment	Below Poverty Line	Budget Revenue billions	Budget Expense billions	Surplus Deficit billions	Deficit % GDP Ex. rate	Public Debt % GDP	Inflation	Exports billions	Imports billions	Trade Balance billions	Trade Balance % GDP	External Debt billion	ODA 2008 million
Africa	991,760,344	2,835.2	1,449.4		$2,858	374,336			369.07	420.81	-51.745	-3.6%			392.55	404.08	-11.52	-0.8%	323.54	-38,806
Angola	12,799,293	114.4	70.53	-0.6%^[1]	$8,900	7,769	50%	40.5%	30.82	27.91	2.91	4.1%	16.8%	13.1%	40.02	12.81	27.21	38.6%	12.83	-369
Benin	8,791,832	13.25	6.476	2.5%^[2]	$1,500	3,662		34.7%	1.244	1.634	-0.39	-6%		4%	1.024	1.127	-0.103	-1.6%	1.2	-641
Botswana	1,990,876	26	10.94	-5.2%^[3]	$13,100	685	7.5%	30.3%	2.675	3.868	-1.193	-10.9%	17.9%	7.3%	2.963	3.671	-0.708	-6.5%	1.651	-716
Burkina Faso	15,746,232	18.79	7.871	3.3%^[4]	$1,200	6,668	77%	46.4%	1.364	1.91	-0.546	-6.9%		3.7%	0.648	1.076	-0.428	-5.4%	1.84	-998
Burundi	9,511,330	3.247	1.427	3.2%^[5]	$300	4,245		68%	0.343	0.386	-0.043	-3%		14.1%	0.079	0.318	-0.239	-16.7%	1.2	-509
Cameroon	18,879,301	42.76	22.08	-1%^[6]	$2,300	7,313	30%	48%	3.838	3.781	0.057	0.25%	14.3%	2.5%	3.409	3.739	-0.33	-1.5%	2.929	-525
Cape Verde	429,474	1.7	1.7	1.8%	$3,400	196	21%	30%	0.480	0.596	-0.116	-6.5%		4%	0.097	0.767	-0.67	-39.4%	0.325	-219
Central-African Republic	4,511,488	3.32	2.006	2.4%	$700	1,926	8%		0.334	0.362	-0.028	-1.4%		0.9%	0.147	0.237	-0.09	-4.5%	1.153	-256
Chad	9,944,201	16.26	7.056	-1%^[7]	$1,600	4,293		80%	0.872	1.453	-0.581	-8.2%		6%	3.164	2.115	1.049	14.9%	1.6	-416
Comoros	752,438	0.761	0.531	1%^[8]	$1,000	268	20%	60%	0.0276	0				3%	0.032	0.143	-0.111	-20.9%	0.232	-37
Congo,Democratic Republic of the	68,692,542	21.33	11.23	2.7%^[9]	$300	23,530			0.700	2	-1.3	-11.6%		16.7%	6.1	5.2	0.9	8%	10	-1,620
Congo, Republic of	4,012,809	16.41	8.733	6.6%^[10]	$4,100	1,514			3.431	2.723	0.708	8.1%		4%	7.532	2.721	4.811	55%	5	-505
Cote d’Ivoire	20,617,068	35.82	23.18	3.8%	$1,700	7,463	40%	42%	4.655	4.987	-0.332	-1.4%	63.8%	2%	8.985	6.504	2.481	10.7%	12.06	-617
Djibouti	724,622	2.011	1.102	6.4%	$2,800	352	59%	42%	0.135	0.182	-0.047	-4.3%		5%	0.340	1.555	-1.215	-110%	0.428	-121
Equatorial Guinea	633,441	23.2	11.31	-1.8%	$36,600	195	30%		4.481	3.551	0.93	8.2%	1.1%	4.5%	8.27	2.851	5.419	47.9%	0.174	-38
Eritrea	5,647,168	4.198	1.714	2.5%^[11]	$700	1,935		50%	0.233	0.576	-0.343	-20%		15.5%	0.012	0.590	-0.578	-33.7%	0.311	-143
Ethiopia	85,237,338	76.74	34.32	8%	$900	37,900		38.7%	4.678	5.36	-0.682	-1.9%	31.7%	11%	1.608	1.555	0.053	0.2%	4.229	-3,327
Gabon	1,514,993	20.99	11.06	-1%^[12]	$13,900	633	21%		3.141	2.877	0.264	2.3%	34.7%	3%	5.868	2.296	3.572	32.3%	3.065	-55
Gambia, The	1,778,081	2.471	0.735	4.5%	$1,400	777			0.129	0.154	-0.025	-3.4%		6%	0.077	0.239	-0.162	-22%	0.629	-94
Ghana	23,887,812	36.57	14.93	4.7%^[13]	$1,500	10,330	11%	28.5%	4.547	6.124	-1.577	-10.6%	67.5%	19.6%	5.737	9.807	-4.07	-27.3%	5.84	-1,293
Guinea	10,057,975	10.48	4.488	-2.5%^[14]	$1,000	4,392		47%	0.633	0.703	-0.07	-1.6%		9%	0.965	1.122	-0.157	-3.5%	3.072	-319
Guinea-Bissau	1,533,964	0.933	0.443	2.9%^[15]	$600	633			0	0				3.8%	0.133	0.200	0.067	15.1%	0.942	-132
Kenya	39,002,772	63.73	30.57	2%^[16]	$1,600	17,470	40%	50%	6.858	8.759	-1.901	-6.2%	54.1%	20.5%	4.479	9.031	-4.552	-14.9%	7.729	-1,360
Lesotho	2,130,819	3.273	1.643	-2%^[17]	$1,700	0.855	45%	49%	0.563	0.675	-0.112	-6.8%		8.5%	0.872	1.827	-0.955	-58.1%	0.581	-143
Liberia	3,441,790	1.627	0.878	5%^[18]	$500	1,372	85%	80%	0.0854	0.0905	-0.005	-0.6%		11.2%	1.197	7.143	-5.946	-677%	3.2	-1,250
Madagascar	20,653,556	20.5	9.079	0.4%^[19]	$1,000	9,504		50%	1.232	1.861	-0.629	-6.9%		8%	1.04	1.836	-0.796	-8.8%	2.054	-841
Malawi	15,028,757	12.81	4.967	5.9%^[20]	$900	5,747		53%	1.215	1.325	-0.11	-2.2%	58%	8.5%	0.945	1.625	-0.68	-13.7%	1.091	-913
Mali	13,443,225	15.52	8.86	4%^[21]	$1,200	3,241	30%	36.1%	1.5	1.8	-0.3	-3.4%		2.5%	0.294	2.358	-2.064	-23.3%	2.8	-964
Mauritania	3,129,486	6.568	3.279	1.5 %^[22]	$2,100	1,318	30%	40%	0.700	0.700	0	0%		7.3%	1.395	1.475	-0.08	-2.4%	2.5	-311
Mauritius	1,284,264	15.9	9.264	2.1%^[23]	$12,400	594	7.8%	8%	1.857	2.19	-0.333	-3.6%	58.3%	3.4%	2.055	3.552	-1.497	-16.2%	4.567	-110
Mayotte	231,139	0.954	0		$4,900	45			0.420	0.394	-0.026	-2.7%		1.7%	0.006	0.341	-0.335		0	0
Mozambique	21,669,278	20.17	9.767	4.3%^[24]	$900	9,770	21%	70%	2.434	3.171	-0.737	-7.5%	26.1%	3.5%	1.946	3.096	-1.15	-11.8%	4.159	-1,994
Namibia	2,108,665	13.58	9.145	0.7%^[25]	$6,400	716	5%	55.8%	2.45	2.977	-0.527	-5.8%	19.1%	8.8%	3.484	4.388	-0.9	-9.8%	1.184	-207
Niger	15,306,252	10.45	5.386	2%^[26]	$700	4,688		63%	0.32	0.32	0	0%		0.1%	0.428	0.800	-0.372	-6.9%	2.1	-605
Nigeria	149,229,090	357.2	167.4	5%^[27]	$2,400	47,330	4.9%	70%	10.49	18.08	-8.41	-5%	17.8%	11.5%	45.43	42.1	3.33	1.9%	9.689	-1,290
Rwanda	10,746,311	10.13	5.07	5.5%^[28]	$900	4,446		60%	1.261	1.391	-0.13	-2.6%		14.2%	0.213	0.785	-0.572	-11.3%	1.4	-931
SaoTomeePrincipe	212,679	0.292	0.191	4.3%^[29]	$1,700	52		54%	0.0425	0.050	-0.0075	-3.9%		19%	0.008	0.091	-0.083	-43.5%	0.318	-47
Senegal	13,711,597	22.38	12.76	1.7%	$1,600	5,578	48%	54%	2.431	3	-0.569	-4.5%	24%	0.8%	1.652	3.864	-2.212	-17.3%	2.763	-1,058
Seychelles	87,476	1.682	0.664	-8.7%^[30]	$19,400	40	2%		0.184	0.196	-0.010	-1.5%	43.9%	34%	0.366	0.658	-0.292	-43.9%	1.25	-12
Sierra Leone	5,132,138	4.622	2.088	4%^[31]	$900	2,207		70.2%	0.096	0.351	0			11.7%	0.216	0.560	-0.344	-16.5%	1.61	-367
Somalia	9,832,017	5.731	2.763	2.6%^[32]	$600	3,447			0	0	0				0.3	0.798	-0.498	-18%	3	-758
South Africa	49,052,489	495.1	280.6	-1.8%^[33]	$10,100	17,320	24%	50%	74.92	86.26	-11.97	-4.3%	35.7%	7.2%	67.93	70.24	-2.31	-0.8%	73.84	-1,125
Sudan	41,087,825	92.81	54.94	3.8%^[34]	$2,300	11,920	18.7%	40%	9.046	10.83	-1.784	-3.2%	104.5%	12.3%	8.464	6.823	1.641	2.9%	36.27	-2,384
Swaziland	1,337,186	5.882	2.963	-0.4%^[35]	$4,400	458	40%	69%	0.592	0.695	-0.103	-3.5%		8.5%	1.57	1.643	-0.073	-2.5%	0.534	-67
Tanzania	41,048,532	57.89	22.42	4.9%^[36]	$1,400	21,230		36%	3.78	4.693	-0.913	-4.1%	24.8%	11.6%	2.744	5.545	-2.801	-12.5%	7.07	-2,331
Togo	6,031,808	5.202	2.804	1.8%	$900	2,595		32%	0.469	0.535	-0.068	-2.4%		3.3%	0.729	1.399	-0.67	-23.9%	2	-330
Uganda	32,369,558	43.22	15.84	6.6%^[37]	$1,300	15,010		35%	2.007	2.508	-0.501	-3.2%	19.3%	12.6%	3.151	4.106	-0.955	-6%	2.05	-1,657
Zambia	11,862,740	18.5	12.44	4.5%^[38]	$1,500	5,398	50%	86%	2.514	2.86	-0.346	-2.8%	31.5%	13.5%	4.388	4.131	0.257	2%	3.314	-1,086
Zimbabwe	11,392,629	0.332	0	3.7%	$100	3,840	95%	68%	0.133	0.258	-0.125	-38%	304.3%	5.1%	1.09	2.03	-0.94		5.17	-611
Subsaharan	828,258,356	1,797.7	929.643			322,016			196.36	227.11	-30.75	-3.3%			253.6	242.9	10.7	1.2%	252.9	-35,702
Algeria	34,178,188	239.6	136.4	2.6%^[39]	$7,000	9,612	12.4%	23%	56.24	61.34	-5.1	-3.7%	10.7%	4.1%	52.03	39.51	12.52	9.2%
Egypt	78,866,635	471.2	190.2	4.7%^[40]	$6,000	25,800	9.7%	20%	48.86	61.61	-12.75	-6.7%	79.8%	10.1%	22.91	43.98	-21.07	-11.1%	28.45	-1,348
Libya	6,324,357	95.88	61.32	3.7%^[41]	$15,200	1,686	30%	7.4%	35.08	35.9	-0.82	-1.3%	6.5%	2%	33.97	26.82	7.15	11.6%	6.491	-60
Morocco	33,241,259	146.7	91.84	5.1%^[42]	$4,600	11,460	9.9%	15%	22.9	23.86	-0.96	-1%	54.1%	2%	15.61	31.83	-16.22	-17.7%	20.06	-1,217
Tunisia	10,486,339	83.21	40.04	0.3%^[43]	$8,000	3,750	14.7%	3.8%	9.626	10.99	-1.365	-3.4%	47.2%	3.7%	14.43	19.04	-4.61	-11.5%	15.64	-479
Western Sahara	405,210	0.9			$2,500	12									0	0	0		0	0
North Africa	163,501,988	1,037.5	519.8		$6,365	52,320			172.71	193.7	-20.995	-4%			138.95	161.18	-22.23	-4.3%	70.64	-3,104

Sources: CIA World Fact Book July 2009; OECD Development Aid at a Glance: Statistics by Region 8 February 2010

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[1] Angola's high growth rate in recent years was driven by its oil sector, and high international oil prices. Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 85% of GDP. Increased oil production supported growth averaging more than 15% per year from 2004 to 2007. The global recession and lower prices led to a contraction in GDP in 2009. A postwar reconstruction boom and resettlement of displaced persons has led to high rates of growth in construction and agriculture as well. Much of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 27-year-long civil war. Since 2005, the government has used billions of dollars in credit lines from China, Brazil, Portugal, Germany, Spain, and the EU to rebuild Angola's public infrastructure. Although consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to under 13% in 2008, the stabilization policy proved unsustainable and Angola abandoned its currency peg in 2009. Angola became a member of OPEC in late 2006 and in late 2007 was assigned a production quota of 1.9 million barrels a day (bbl), somewhat less than the 2-2.5 million bbl Angola's government had wanted. In November 2009 the IMF announced its approval of Luanda's request for a Stand-By Arrangement; the loan of $1.4 billion aims to rebuild Angola's international reserves. Corruption, especially in the extractive sectors, is a major challenge.

[2] The economy of Benin remains underdeveloped and dependent on subsistence agriculture, cotton production, and regional trade. Growth in real output has averaged around 4% in the past three years, but rapid population growth has offset much of this increase. Inflation has subsided over the past several years. An insufficient electrical supply continues to adversely affect Benin's economic growth though the government recently has taken steps to increase domestic power production.

[3] Botswana has maintained one of the world's highest economic growth rates since independence in 1966, though growth fell below 5% in 2007-08, and turned sharply negative in 2009, with industry falling nearly 30%. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of $14,100 in 2008. Two major investment services rank Botswana as the best credit risk in Africa. Diamond mining has fueled much of the expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP, 70-80% of export earnings, and about half of the government's revenues. Although unemployment was 7.5% in 2007 according to official reports, unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the second highest in the world and threaten Botswana's impressive economic gains.

[4] One of the poorest countries in the world, landlocked Burkina Faso has few natural resources and a weak industrial base. About 90% of the population is engaged in subsistence agriculture, which is vulnerable to periodic drought. Cotton is the main cash crop and the government has joined with three other cotton producing countries in the region - Mali, Niger, and Chad - to lobby in the World Trade Organization for fewer subsidies to producers in other competing countries.

[5] The Burundi economy is predominantly agricultural which accounts for about 35% of GDP and employs more than 90% of the population. Burundi's primary exports are coffee and tea, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings, though exports are a relatively small share of GDP. An ethnic-based war that lasted for over a decade resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, forced more than 48,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 140,000 others internally. Only one in two children go to school, and approximately one in 15 adults has HIV/AIDS. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply. Burundi's GDP grew around 4% annually in 2006-09. Burundi's main challenge to economic growth will be maintaining sufficient fiscal discipline and peace during the upcoming national elections scheduled for 2010.

[6] Because of its modest oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa.

[7] Chad's primarily agricultural economy will continue to be boosted by major foreign direct investment projects in the oil sector that began in 2000. At least 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock raising for its livelihood.

[8] One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is made up of three islands that have inadequate transportation links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting, and forestry, contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports. The political problems have inhibited growth, which has averaged only about 1% in 2006-09. Remittances from 150,000 Comorans abroad help supplement GDP. In September 2009 the IMF approved a three-year $21 million loan for Comoros.

[9] The economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - a nation endowed with vast potential wealth - is slowly recovering from two decades of decline. Conflict that began in August 1998 has dramatically reduced national output and government revenue, increased external debt, and resulted in the deaths of more than 5 million people from violence, famine, and disease. The global recession cut economic growth in 2009 to half its 2008 level, but donor assistance and diligence on the part of the central bank have brought foreign exchange reserves to their highest levels in 25 years after the financial crisis caused reserves to fall to less than one day's worth of imports in early 2009. The DRC signed a new Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility with the IMF this year.

[10] The economy is a mixture of subsistence agriculture, an industrial sector based largely on oil, and support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. In the early 1980s, rapidly rising oil revenues enabled the government to finance large-scale development projects with GDP growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa.

[11] Since independence from Ethiopia in 1993, Eritrea has faced the economic problems of a small, desperately poor country, accentuated by the recent implementation of restrictive economic policies. Eritrea has a command economy under the control of the sole political party, the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ). Like the economies of many African nations, the economy is largely based on subsistence agriculture, with 80% of the population involved in farming and herding. The Ethiopian-Eritrea war in 1998-2000 severely hurt Eritrea's economy. GDP growth fell to zero in 1999 and to -12.1% in 2000. The May 2000 Ethiopian offensive into northern Eritrea caused some $600 million in property damage and loss, including losses of $225 million in livestock and 55,000 homes. The attack prevented planting of crops in Eritrea's most productive region, causing food production to drop by 62%. The government strictly controls the use of foreign currency by limiting access and availability. Few private enterprises remain in Eritrea. Eritrea's economy depends heavily on taxes paid by members of the diaspora. Eritrea's economic future depends upon its ability to master social problems such as illiteracy, unemployment, and low skills, and more importantly, on the government's willingness to support a true market economy.

[12] Ethiopia's poverty-stricken economy is based on agriculture, accounting for 45% of GDP, and 85% of total employment. In November 2001, Ethiopia qualified for debt relief from the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, and in December 2005 the IMF forgave Ethiopia's debt. Under Ethiopia's constitution, the state owns all land and provides long-term leases to the tenants; the system continues to hamper growth in the industrial sector as entrepreneurs are unable to use land as collateral for loans. Drought struck again late in 2002, leading to a 3.3% decline in GDP in 2003. Although GDP growth has since rebounded, soaring commodity prices in 2007 and 2008 and the global economic downturn led to balance of payments pressures, partially alleviated by recent emergency funding from the IMF.

[13] Ghana has roughly twice the per capita output of the poorest countries in West Africa. The domestic economy continues to revolve around agriculture, which accounts for about 35% of GDP and employs about 55% of the work force, mainly small landholders. Sound macro-economic management along with high prices for gold and cocoa helped sustain GDP growth in 2008 and 2009.

[14] Guinea possesses major mineral, hydropower, and agricultural resources, yet remains an underdeveloped nation. The country has almost half of the world's bauxite reserves. The mining sector accounts for more than 70% of exports. Long-run improvements in government fiscal arrangements, literacy, and the legal framework are needed if the country is to move out of poverty. Growth rose slightly in 2006-08, primarily due to increases in global demand and commodity prices on world markets, but the standard of living fell. The Guinea franc depreciated sharply as the prices for basic necessities like food and fuel rose beyond the reach of many Guineans.

[15] One of the six poorest countries in the world, Guinea-Bissau depends mainly on farming and fishing. Cashew crops have increased remarkably in recent years, and the country now ranks fifth in cashew production. Guinea-Bissau exports fish and seafood along with small amounts of peanuts, palm kernels, and timber. Rice is the major crop and staple food. However, intermittent fighting between Senegalese-backed government troops and a military junta destroyed much of the country's infrastructure and caused widespread damage to the economy in 1998; the civil war led to a 28% drop in GDP that year, with partial recovery in 1999-2002.

[16] The regional hub for trade and finance in East Africa, Kenya has been hampered by corruption and by reliance upon several primary goods whose prices have remained low. In 1997, and several other times, the IMF suspended Kenya's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program due to the government's failure to maintain reforms and curb corruption. Post-election violence in early 2008, coupled with the effects of the global financial crisis on remittance and exports, reduced estimated GDP growth below 2% in 2008 and 2009.

[17] Small, landlocked, and mountainous, Lesotho relies on remittances from miners employed in South Africa. Economic growth slowed in 2009 due mainly to the effects of the global economic crisis. Lesotho's budget relies heavily on customs receipts from the Southern African Customs Union (SACU).

[18] Civil war and government mismanagement destroyed much of Liberia's economy, especially the infrastructure in and around the capital, Monrovia. Many businesses fled the country, taking capital and expertise with them, but with the conclusion of fighting and the installation of a democratically-elected government in 2006, several have returned. Liberia has the distinction of having the highest ratio of direct foreign investment to GDP in the world. President JOHNSON SIRLEAF, a Harvard-trained banker and administrator, has taken steps to reduce corruption, build support from international donors, and encourage private investment. The reconstruction of infrastructure and the raising of incomes in this ravaged economy will largely depend on generous financial and technical assistance from donor countries and foreign investment in key sectors, such as infrastructure and power generation.

[19] Having discarded past socialist economic policies, Madagascar has since the mid-1990s followed a World Bank- and IMF-led policy of privatization and liberalization. This strategy placed the country on a slow and steady growth path from an extremely low level. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is a mainstay of the economy, accounting for more than one-fourth of GDP and employing 80% of the population. Exports of apparel have boomed in recent years primarily due to duty-free access to the US. However, Madagascar's failure to comply with the requirements of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) led to the termination of the country's duty-free access in January 2010. The current political crisis which began in early 2009 has dealt additional blows to the economy. Tourism dropped more than 50% in 2009, compared with the previous year.

[20] Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's most densely populated and least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural with about 85% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for more than one-third of GDP and 90% of export revenues. The performance of the tobacco sector is key to short-term growth as tobacco accounts for more than half of exports. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In 2009, however, Malawi has experienced some setbacks, including a general shortage of foreign exchange, which has damaged its ability to pay for imports. Investment fell 23% in 2009.

[21] Mali is among the 25 poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert and with a highly unequal distribution of income. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About 10% of the population is nomadic and some 80% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. Mali is heavily dependent on foreign aid and vulnerable to fluctuations in world prices for gold and cotton, its main exports. Mali's adherence to economic reform and the 50% devaluation of the CFA franc in January 1994 have pushed up economic growth to a 5% average in 1996-2008.

[22] Half the population still depends on agriculture and livestock for a livelihood, even though many of the nomads and subsistence farmers were forced into the cities by recurrent droughts in the 1970s and 1980s. Mauritania has extensive deposits of iron ore, which account for nearly 40% of total exports. The nation's coastal waters are among the richest fishing areas in the world, but overexploitation by foreigners threatens this key source of revenue.

[23] A stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record, the country has attracted considerable foreign investment and has earned one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Since independence in 1968, Mauritius has developed from a low-income, agriculturally based economy to a middle-income diversified economy with growing industrial, financial, and tourist sectors. For most of the period, annual growth has been in the order of 5% to 6%. This remarkable achievement has been reflected in more equitable income distribution, increased life expectancy, lowered infant mortality, and a much-improved infrastructure. In 2009, the drop in global demand for Mauritian exports caused a 4% drop in GDP.

[24] At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977-92 exacerbated the situation. In 1987, the government embarked on a series of macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy. These steps, combined with donor assistance and with political stability since the multi-party elections in 1994, have led to dramatic improvements in the country's growth rate. Monetary reforms have reduced inflation. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service, have improved the government's revenue collection abilities. Mozambique remains dependent upon foreign assistance for more than half of its annual budget. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's work force. Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt has been reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives, and is now at a manageable level. Mozambique grew at an average annual rate of 9% for most of the past decade, one of Africa's strongest performances. However, heavy reliance on aluminum, which accounts for about one-third of exports, subjects the economy to volatile international prices. The sharp decline in aluminum prices during the global economic crisis lowered GDP growth by several percentage points.

[25] Mining accounts for 8% of Namibia’s GDP, but provides more than 50% of foreign exchange earnings. Namibia normally imports about 50% of its cereal requirements; in drought years food shortages are a major problem in rural areas. A high per capita GDP, relative to the region, hides one of the world's most unequal income distributions. The Namibian economy is closely linked to South Africa with the Namibian dollar pegged one-to-one to the South African rand. Namibia draws 40% of its budget revenues from the Southern African Customs Union (SACU). Increased payments from SACU put Namibia's budget into surplus in 2007 for the first time since independence, but SACU's receipts declined in 2009 due to the global economic crisis. The UNDP's 2005 Human Development Report indicated that 34.9% of the population live on $1 per day and 55.8% live on $2 per day.

[26] Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world, ranking near last on the United Nations Development Fund index of human development. It is a landlocked, Sub-Saharan nation, whose economy centers on subsistence crops, livestock, and some of the world's largest uranium deposits. Drought cycles, desertification, and strong population growth have undercut the economy.

[27] Nigeria’s oil sector, provides 95% of foreign exchange earnings and about 80% of budgetary revenues. In 2003, the government began deregulating fuel prices, announced the privatization of the country's four oil refineries, and instituted the National Economic Empowerment Development Strategy, a domestically designed and run program modeled on the IMF's Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility for fiscal and monetary management. In November 2005, Abuja won Paris Club approval for a debt-relief deal that eliminated $18 billion of debt in exchange for $12 billion in payments - a total package worth $30 billion of Nigeria's total $37 billion external debt. Based largely on increased oil exports and high global crude prices, GDP rose strongly in 2007 and 2008, and less strongly in 2009.

[28] Rwanda is a poor rural country with about 85% of the population engaged in (mainly subsistence) agriculture and some mineral and agro-processing. In 2008, minerals overtook coffee and tea as Rwanda's primary foreign exchange earner. The 1994 genocide decimated Rwanda's fragile economic base, severely impoverished the population, particularly women, and temporarily stalled the country's ability to attract private and external investment. However, Rwanda has made substantial progress in stabilizing and rehabilitating its economy to pre-1994 levels. Despite Rwanda's fertile ecosystem, food production often does not keep pace with demand, requiring food imports. Rwanda continues to receive substantial aid money and obtained IMF-World Bank Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) initiative debt relief in 2005-06. Rwanda also received a Millennium Challenge Account Compact in 2008.

[29] Sao Tome has to import all fuels, most manufactured goods, consumer goods, and a substantial amount of food. Over the years, it has had difficulty servicing its external debt and has relied heavily on concessional aid and debt rescheduling. Potential exists for the development of petroleum resources in Sao Tome's territorial waters in the oil-rich Gulf of Guinea. Real GDP growth averaged about 6% in 2006-07, as a result of increases in public expenditures and oil-related capital investment, but has been declining in the years since.

[30] Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the pre-independence, near-subsistence level, moving the island into the upper-middle income group of countries. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. GDP grew about 7-8% per year in 2006-07, driven by tourism and a boom in tourism-related construction. In 2009, GDP fell nearly 9% due to declining tourism.

[31] Sierra Leone is an extremely poor nation with tremendous inequality in income distribution. While it possesses substantial mineral, agricultural, and fishery resources, its physical and social infrastructure is not well developed, and serious social disorders continue to hamper economic development. A recent increase in political stability has led to a revival of economic activity such as the rehabilitation of bauxite and rutile mining.

[32] Despite the lack of effective national governance, Somalia has maintained a healthy informal economy, largely based on livestock, remittance/money transfer companies, and telecommunications. Agriculture is the most important sector, with livestock normally accounting for about 40% of GDP and more than 50% of export earnings.

[33] Growth was robust from 2004 to 2008 as South Africa reaped the benefits of macroeconomic stability and a global commodities boom, but began to slow in the second half of 2008 due to the global financial crisis' impact on commodity prices and demand. GDP fell nearly 2% in 2009. More than one-quarter of South Africa's population currently receives social grants.

[34] Until the second half of 2008, Sudan's economy boomed on the back of increases in oil production, high oil prices, and large inflows of foreign direct investment. GDP growth registered more than 10% per year in 2006 and 2007. Sudan began exporting crude oil in the last quarter of 1999. Agricultural production remains important, because it employs 80% of the work force and contributes a third of GDP. he Darfur conflict, the aftermath of two decades of civil war in the south, the lack of basic infrastructure in large areas, and a reliance by much of the population on subsistence agriculture ensure much of the population will remain at or below the poverty line for years despite rapid rises in average per capita income.

[35] Swaziland's currency is pegged to the South African rand, subsuming Swaziland's monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) account for two-thirds of Swaziland's government revenues, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income.

[36] Tanzania is in the bottom ten percent of the world's economies in terms of per capita income. The economy depends heavily on agriculture, which accounts for more than 40% of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 80% of the work force.

[37] In 2000, Uganda qualified for enhanced Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief worth $1.3 billion and Paris Club debt relief worth $145 million. These amounts combined with the original HIPC debt relief added up to about $2 billion. The global economic downturn has hurt Uganda's exports; however, Uganda's GDP growth is still relatively strong due to past reforms and sound management of the downturn.

[38] Zambia's economy has experienced strong growth in recent years, with real GDP growth in 2005-08 about 6% per year. The decline in world commodity prices and demand hurt GDP growth in 2009, but a sharp rebound in copper prices and a bumper maize crop have helped Zambia begin to recover. The population of Zimbabwe is reported lower than the year before although positive population growth is indicated, in both 2009 and 2005 Atlases. The less than $100 per capita makes Zimbabwe the poorest nation on the planet.

[39] The state dominates most areas of the Algerian economy. Gradual liberalization since the mid-1990's has opened up more of the economy to private domestic and foreign participation, but recent government actions impose stricter controls on foreign investment. Hydrocarbons are the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 60% of budget revenues, 30% of GDP, and over 95% of export earnings. Algeria has the eighth-largest reserves of natural gas in the world and is the fourth-largest gas exporter; it ranks 15th in oil reserves. Weak global hydrocarbon prices during 2009 contributed to a 40% drop in government revenue, although the government continues to enjoy a financial cushion provided by about $150 billion in foreign currency reserves and a large hydrocarbons stabilization fund. Algeria's external debt is only about 1% of GDP.

[40] Occupying the northeast corner of the African continent, Egypt is bisected by the highly fertile Nile valley, where most economic activity takes place. The international economic downturn slowed Egypt's GDP growth to 4.5% in 2009. The government announced three separate stimulus packages between the end of 2008 and the end of 2009 totaling $6.3 billion, but it is not clear how much has been spent. Despite high levels of economic growth over the past few years, living conditions for the average Egyptian remain poor.

[41] The Libyan economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector, which contribute about 95% of export earnings, 25% of GDP, and 60% of public sector wages.

[42] The recession in Europe--Morocco's main export market--also prompted a decline in the flow of foreign tourists and remittances, two primary sources of foreign currency. A record agricultural harvest, strong government spending, and domestic consumption, however, combined to offset losses from weak exports and helped GDP grow by 5.1% in 2009. Morocco's primary economic challenge is to accelerate and sustain growth in order to reduce high levels of unemployment and underemployment. Long-term challenges include improving education and job prospects for Morocco's youth, closing the income gap between the rich and the poor, confronting corruption, and expanding and diversifying exports beyond phosphates and low-value added products.

[43] Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Progressive social policies also have helped raise living conditions in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which averaged almost 5% over the past decade, declined to 4.6% in 2008 and to 0.3% in 2009 because of economic contraction and slowing of import demand in Europe - Tunisia's largest export market. Tunisia will need to reach even higher growth levels to create sufficient employment opportunities for an already large number of unemployed as well as the growing population of university graduates. The challenges ahead include: privatizing industry, liberalizing the investment code to increase foreign investment, improving government efficiency, reducing the trade deficit, and reducing socioeconomic disparities in the impoverished south and west.