|
Country
|
Major infectious
diseases
|
|
Afghanistan
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a
high risk countrywide below 2,000 meters from March through November
animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
|
|
Algeria
|
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: cutaneous leishmaniasis is a
high risk in some locations (2004)
|
|
Angola
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, African
trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) are high risks
in some locations
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Bangladesh
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E,
and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
and malaria are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: leptospirosis
animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
|
|
Benin
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, yellow
fever, and others are high risks in some locations
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Botswana
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a
high risk in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Burma
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
and malaria are high risks in some locations (2004)
|
|
Burundi
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Cambodia
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, and Japanese encephalitis are high risks in some locations
note: at present, H5N1 avian influenza poses a minimal risk; during
outbreaks among birds, rare cases could occur among US personnel who have
close contact with infected birds or poultry (2005)
|
|
Cameroon
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Central African Republic
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Chad
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, plague,
and African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) are
high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Congo, Republic of the
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Cote d'Ivoire
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, yellow
fever, and others are high risks in some locations
water contact: schistosomiasis (2004)
|
|
Djibouti
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Eritrea
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a
high risk in some locations (2004)
|
|
Ethiopia
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, and hepatitis E
vectorborne diseases: malaria and cutaneous leishmaniasis are
high risks in some locations
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
animal contact disease: rabies
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Gabon
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Gambia, The
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, yellow fever are high risks in some
locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Ghana
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Guinea
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2004)
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
India
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E,
and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, and Japanese encephalitis are high risks in some locations
animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
|
|
Indonesia
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, and chikungunya are high risks in some
locations
note: at present, H5N1 avian influenza poses a minimal risk; during
outbreaks among birds, rare cases could occur among US personnel who have
close contact with infected birds or poultry (2005)
|
|
Kenya
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a
high risk in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Liberia
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2004)
|
|
Libya
|
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: may be a
significant risk in some locations during the transmission season (typically
April through October) (2004)
|
|
Madagascar
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
plague are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Malawi
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
plague are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Malaysia
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
and malaria are high risks in some locations (2004)
|
|
Mali
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a
high risk in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Mauritania
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
Rift Valley fever are high risks in some locations
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Morocco
|
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, and hepatitis A
vectorborne diseases: may be a
significant risk in some locations during the transmission season (typically
April through November) (2004)
|
|
Mozambique
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
plague are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Namibia
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Niger
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a
high risk in some locations
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Nigeria
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: one of the most highly
endemic areas for Lassa fever (2004)
|
|
Pakistan
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E,
and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, and cutaneous leishmaniasis
are high risks depending on location
animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
|
|
Papua New Guinea
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
and malaria are high risks in some locations (2004)
|
|
Philippines
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
and malaria are high risks in some locations
animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
|
|
Rwanda
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
|
|
Senegal
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, and Rift Valley fever
are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2004)
|
|
Somalia
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
dengue fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
|
|
Sudan
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue
fever, African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Tanzania
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, Rift
Valley fever and plague are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Thailand
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and plague are high risks in some locations
animal contact disease: rabies
water contact disease: leptospirosis
note: at present, H5N1 avian influenza poses a minimal risk; during
outbreaks among birds, rare cases could occur among US personnel who have
close contact with infected birds or poultry (2005)
|
|
Togo
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
yellow fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
|
|
Tunisia
|
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, and hepatitis A
vectorborne diseases: may be a
significant risk in some locations during the transmission season (typically
April through November) (2004)
|
|
Uganda
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) are
high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Vietnam
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever,
malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and plague are high risks in some locations
animal contact disease: rabies
water contact disease: leptospirosis
note: at present, H5N1 avian influenza poses a minimal risk; during
outbreaks among birds, rare cases could occur among US personnel who have
close contact with infected birds or poultry (2005)
|
|
Western Sahara
|
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal
diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: may be a
significant risk in some locations during the transmission season (typically
April through November) (2004)
|
|
Zambia
|
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and
plague are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and
typhoid
vectorborne disease: malaria
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
(2004)
|